The headline-grabbing announcement from the March Budget was the abolition of the lifetime pension allowance. However, this may not be quite as advantageous for higher paid individuals as some reporting suggests. The other pension changes announced in the Budget should help less well-off taxpayers with their retirement planning.
Lifetime allowance
The lifetime allowance (LTA), which previously set a maximum of tax relievable pension savings an individual could hold during their lifetime, has effectively been abolished from 6 April 2023 with the disappearance of the LTA charge. The allowance had been £1,073,100 since April 2020.
The reason the abolition may not be quite as advantageous as suggested is because of what has not changed:
- Pension saving is particularly beneficial if the rate of tax relief on contributions going in is higher than the tax rate payable on the pension coming out on retirement. The ability to take a 25% tax-free lump sum greatly helps in this equation, but the tax-free amount has now been fixed at £268,275, which is 25% of the most recent lifetime allowance. It could be higher if the lifetime allowance has previously been protected.
- Although there is now no maximum to the amount of pension savings that can be built up during a person’s lifetime and then passed on to descendants free of inheritance tax (IHT), this is not the complete picture.
- Death benefits only pass completely tax-free on death before age 75, and – with the wealthy having longer life expectancy – this will be the exception rather than the rule.
- For deaths occurring on or after age 75, death benefits are normally taxed as pension income in the hands of the recipient. Although some planning is possible here, the tax rate is going to be 45% if pension savings are substantial, higher than the 40% rate of IHT payable on death.
Be warned that when it comes to long-term pension planning, this is an area of tax which sees change every few years. An election is less than two years away, and the Labour party has said they will reinstate the lifetime allowance.
Annual allowance
The annual allowance has been increased from £40,000 to £60,000. Pension contributions are often only made to eliminate higher or additional rate tax liabilities, and covering the 60% charge when the personal allowance is tapered away is particularly beneficial.
The uplift will help any self-employed people who can see wide fluctuations in income from one year to the next.
For example, a self-employed person with anticipated profits of £150,000 for 2023/24 will now be able to make a pension contribution of £50,000, with £25,140 of this benefiting from 60% tax relief, and the remainder at 45%.
However, the problem – as always – is forecasting profits before the pension contribution deadline of 5 April.
Money purchase annual allowance
The money purchase annual allowance has been increased from £4,000 to £10,000. This increase could benefit those who have taken funds out of their pension pot to help pay for the rising cost of living. Previously, they would have only been able to rebuild their pension savings by investing a maximum of £4,000 annually but can now save £10,000 if they can afford to do so.
Anyone who has had to dip into their pension savings will be also pleased that it looks as if the plan to bring forward a rise to the State pension age to 68 has been postponed for now.